Myelofibrosis: A Strategic Assessment for Cost Management and Resource Optimization in the Brazilian Supplementary Healthcare System

Abstract

Introduction: Myelofibrosis (MF) is a rare myeloproliferative neoplasm associated with significant morbidity and a substantial economic burden. The management of anemia and transfusion dependence represents a major clinical and financial challenge.

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile, healthcare utilization, and costs associated with MF among beneficiaries of a health plan operator and to discuss the potential of momelotinib as a resource optimization strategy from a healthcare management perspective.

Methods: A retrospective longitudinal cohort study was conducted between January 2019 and December 2024 using administrative data from beneficiaries diagnosed with MF enrolled in a nationwide self-managed health plan. Demographic indicators, healthcare utilization rates, and direct healthcare costs were analyzed.

Results: The prevalence of MF was 56 cases per 100,000 beneficiaries. The mean annual cost per patient was R$64,312, with 47% of expenditures attributed to hospitalizations. The hospitalization rate was 3.4 times higher (0.95 vs. 0.28) than that observed in the general population. During the course of the disease, 63% of patients required recurrent blood transfusions.

Conclusion: The study demonstrates that MF imposes a substantial clinical and financial burden. The therapeutic alternative using momelotinib, by addressing anemia and reducing transfusion dependence, emerges as a technology with potential cost-effectiveness advantages, aligning with the principles of strategic management of technological innovation and resource optimization in the Brazilian supplementary health system.